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Types of agriculture in India and their importance
An easy to understand guide on different types of agriculture and importance in India. India is an ancient civilization, whose history is given by some historians to cover a distance of more than 10 thousand years. Of course for any civilization to flourish there must be sufficient food One that would adequately support the population, and guarantee livelihoods for any expansion that may be in their plans. Food safety doesn't come by accident though; It is the result of years of deliberate efforts as well as the development of new methods of agriculture.
This raises the question, 'What type of agriculture is done in India?' This is what we see in this post. But we do not stop to mention the types of agriculture practiced in India; We highlight some, as well as explain the benefits of each type of farming; What they add to the country is by guaranteeing food security.
Without further ado, let's get down to business. Below we mention the types of agriculture in India and their benefits.
Types of agriculture in India
subsistence agriculture
shifting agriculture
intensive farming
extensive agriculture
commercial agriculture
dry land farming
plantation agriculture
wetland farming
Importance of agriculture in India (by type)
Subsistence Agriculture:
It is a form of agriculture that is still widely practiced in India, and can be seen all over India, especially in rural areas. In this type of farming, the farmer and/or his परिवार अपने उपभोग के लिए फसल Grows. The scale is usually small because the farmer is exclusively interested in meeting his own needs, and only excess production is taken to local markets.
Importance of subsistence farming:
This is important because it ensures that a large number of families have food on the table. It is also important because it reduces spending on food by many families because they grow everything they need, including fruits and vegetables.
Shifting Agriculture:
This is one of the ancient methods of farming that has survived till yesterday. This type of farming is mainly practiced by tribal groups to grow tuber and root crops. In this method of farming, land is obtained by clearing the forest area. tribal land is not scary There is no commodification, and indigenous people can move to a new area whenever they want. However, they usually plant crops in one area for about 3 years, and then when the land is no longer fertile, another area of land is cleared and the crops are moved there.goes. Roots and tubers require particularly fertile soil, and it is often not possible to use fertilizers to improve soil fertility.
Importance of shifting agriculture:
intensive farming:
This is a type of farming that you can see in densely populated areas in India. It is a type of farming as a business, for commerce. It is an attempt to maximize the production of land through the use of every possible effort. as stated aboveThat is, this type of agriculture is a commercial enterprise, and hence it requires a large amount of capital. Furthermore, a great deal of human labor is involved. You often find that more than one crop is grown per year on the same area of land because they are trying to maximize production. Are doing.
Importance of Intensive Agriculture:
Intensive agriculture means that more food is produced on land. With a population of over 1 billion people, many of whom live in urban areas and large cities, it is absolutely vital that food be produced in large quantities to meet this demand.
Extensive Agriculture:
Extensive farming is a modern type of farming which you can also call industrial farming. It has been adopted from the western world, and can be seen thriving in some parts of India. It depends largely on machinery rather than human labour, and generally But produces one crop every year. In addition to growing one crop per year, this type of agriculture typically grows one type of crop a year, for many years at a time. This usually happens because a lot of money has been invested in machinery, and some machines are not suitable for farming other types of crops. Are unsuitable for.
Importance of extensive agriculture:
It is an economically important type of agriculture. It produces crops that can be exported, thus earning foreign exchange. This type of agriculture provides employment, as many hands are needed to work on the fields.
Commercial Agriculture:
The objective of commercial agriculture is high yield farming similar to extensive farming. Cash crops produced in this type of agriculture usually require processing, and are usually exported to other countries. Wheat, cotton, sugarcane and maize are some of the commercial crops which Are grown this way, and they are grown in large farms.
Dry Land Farming:
In the context of India, dryland farming is practiced in the more arid and desert-like regions of the country, including places such as northwest and central India. Of course many crops cannot survive in such harsh conditions, But some crops like gram jowar, bajra and pea have less water requirement and hence can be cultivated successfully in these conditions.
Importance of dry land farming:
Without dry land farming the more arid parts of the country would be ruined. Dry land farms utilize lands that would otherwise be of no use while simultaneously producing a steady supply of fresh foods in those areas.
Plantation Agriculture:
Plantation agriculture is an old system of agriculture. It is often used for perennial crops that require a lot of space. We are talking about crops like rubber, tea, coconut, coffee, cocoa, spices and fruits. plantation same Are expert in growing crops. There are also many gardens in Kerala, Assam, Karnataka and Maharashtra.
Importance of plantation agriculture:
Plantations provide employment. In many cultures, in the past, labor on plantations was provided by slaves, but now people work steadily on plantations and are paid for their effort. Plantation also adds to the boom of the economy as they grow such crops. They produce goods which are exported to other countries and bring in foreign exchange.
Wetland Farming:
As the name suggests, it is a type of agriculture which is suitable for waterlogged or marshy areas. As you probably already know, many areas of India are affected by heavy monsoon rains and the floods that follow. Due to this, water in the ground for several months continuously Remains accumulated. Some such areas are North-East India and Western Ghats. These areas are suitable for cultivation of water intensive crops like rice, jute and sugarcane. Wetland farming can sometimes be similar to extensive farming because it is sometimes done on a comparable scale.can be done, and may require the same number of workers and equipment to practice. The only major difference is that the ground is wet, and sometimes one cannot walk on the field without wearing special shoes.
Importance of wet land farming:
This is also a commercially or economically important type of agriculture because the crops produced from this type of agriculture are of economic value. They are mainly exported to other countries and bring in foreign exchange. They require a lot of labour, and hence They provide employment to many people.
Conclusion on types and importance of agriculture in India
Food security in India is potentially assured because the country is rich in land resources of all types; From wetlands to dry lands and even lands suitable for different types of plantations. With very little investment, India goes from rice to sugarcaneCan become a major exporter of various agricultural products by 2020. With the recent advancements the country has made in mechanical engineering, it is very possible to develop new advanced mechanical farming equipment that can go a long way to boost crop production, helping the country grow by more than $1 billion. Food security for the population is guaranteed, and it is also guaranteed a place in the list of most important agricultural economies.
